EngineeringJuly 6, 20266 min read

What Is Purple Teaming? Red and Blue Working the Same Loop

Purple teaming is a structured exercise where the offensive team (red) and the defensive team (blue) work through the same attack scenarios together, in real time, so detection gaps get identified and validated in the same session instead of surfacing weeks later in a report.

The short definition

A traditional pentest or red team engagement runs mostly one-directional: red operates, then hands over a report, and blue reads it afterward and tries to close gaps. Purple teaming collapses that gap by running the exercise with both teams in the loop simultaneously.

Red executes a specific technique, blue checks in real time whether it generated an alert, and together they tune detection logic before moving to the next technique. The output is validated detection coverage, not just a list of things that worked.

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How a purple team session actually runs

Most purple team exercises are scoped around a threat model, often mapped to MITRE ATT&CK techniques relevant to the organization. Red executes one technique at a time; blue watches their SIEM, EDR, or logging pipeline live to see what fired and what did not.

When a technique goes undetected, the session pauses to investigate why: missing log source, misconfigured rule, or a genuine detection gap, then the team writes or tunes a detection before moving on.

  • Scope a technique list, usually ATT&CK-mapped, ahead of the session
  • Red executes one technique at a time, not a full continuous campaign
  • Blue observes detections live rather than reviewing logs after the fact
  • Gaps get triaged and tuned in the same session, with a rule or alert as the output

Why lean teams get outsized value from it

A two-or-three-person internal security team often cannot staff a standing red team and a standing blue team. Purple teaming lets the same small team run both sides deliberately, technique by technique, and walk away with tuned detections instead of just a findings list.

The exercise is only as good as the evidence trail it produces. If the techniques run, the detections that fired (or did not), and the resulting rule changes are not captured together, the org relearns the same gap at the next assessment.

A purple team exercise is a success when a detection exists at the end that did not exist at the start, not when the red team ran out of techniques to try.

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